ʻO kahi lāhui o nā palena, ʻo Bolivia ka ʻāina i pae kiʻekiʻe ʻia a hūnā ʻia hoʻi ma ʻAmelika Hema.
Loaʻa iā ia ka nui nui o nā ʻōiwi, a ʻoi aʻe ma kahi o 66% o ka heluna kanaka.
ʻO ka lāhui ka lua o nā hale kūʻai ʻaila ʻaila nui ma ʻAmelika Hema, akā aia nō nā kaomi lōʻihi e pili ana i ka hoʻohana hewa ʻole a me ka uku o ka waiwai. ʻ statelelo aku nā hui ʻōiwi ʻaʻole pono ka lāhui e haʻalele i ka mālama ʻana i nā hale kūʻai, a lākou e ʻike nei ma ke ʻano he waiwai nui loa ʻo Bolivia.
ʻO Bolivia kekahi o nā mea hana nui o ka coca o ka honua, ka mea momona no ka cocaine. ʻO kahi papa hana luku, akā e kōkua ana i ka holomua o ke kōkua ʻana o ka palena ʻo US, ua hoʻonāukiuki i kahi helu nui o nā mea hana manuahi maikaʻi ʻole o Bolivia a ʻo ka coca ka punawai nui o ka loaʻa kālā. Ua pani ʻo Bolivia i ka makahiki 2018 me kekahi o nā helu e ulu ana i ke kālā ma Latin America, me ka hoihoi nui ʻia ma ke ʻano he wahi wānana. ʻO kahi ala hiki ʻole ke hoʻohana i nā mea āpau a Bolivia e lawe ai i ka papa ma o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o kahi hui kokoke. Eia nō naʻe, e like me ka hāʻawi ʻana aku o Latin America i nā ʻoihana hoʻokele wikiwiki, no ke aha ke kumu e lilo ai ʻo Bolivia i lāhui āu e hoʻoholo ai e ulu?
I mea e kōkua ai iā ʻoe me kāu koho hoʻolōʻihi, hāʻawi mākou ma Biz Latin Hub i ka ʻike i loko o ke aniau o ka lāhui. Hōʻike kēia ʻatikala i ʻeono mau kumuhana ʻokoʻa ma hope o ka hoʻonui ʻana i Bolivia. Lawe ʻo Bolivia i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o nā ʻoihana i kaupalena ʻia. Eia kekahi, hiki ke hui pū ʻia kēia mau hui me ʻelua mau mea hoʻopukapuka a hoʻokahi aliʻi. Hiki ke lilo i kēia mau kānaka ʻekolu i kekahi ʻano, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻaʻole pono ka lāhui i nā kānaka Bolivia e mālama. Eia kekahi, ʻo ke kumu waiwai e pono ai no ka hoʻohui ʻana he haʻahaʻa. ʻO kēlā me kēia mea e hoʻāʻo nei e hoʻohui i kēlā hui ma Bolivia ʻaʻole pono e lele i waho i ka lāhui e hoʻopau i ka hoʻokō.
ʻO ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i kahi ʻāpana koi palena ʻia e ʻae i kāu ʻoihana e ʻae i kahi hoʻonohonoho hoʻolimalima i loko o hoʻokahi pule a ʻo ka manawa manawa hoʻopaʻa maʻamau ma kahi o 3.5 mau mahina. ʻO ka manaʻo ia, ma kahi o 3.5 mau mahina e hoʻonohonoho ai i ka ʻoihana a hoʻomaka e hana. ʻO kēia ka manawa ʻike loiloi ʻole i ka lōʻihi o ka manawa no nā loiloi e ʻimi nei i kahi hoʻomaka wikiwiki.
ʻO kā Bolivia mau hui kālepa
Loaʻa ʻo Bolivia ma kahi kokoke i Brazil, Paraguay, Chile, a me Peru. ʻOiai ʻo Chile ka hana ʻoi loa o ka hana ʻAmelika Latin i kēia manawa, hōʻike nā lāhui ʻekolu ʻē aʻe i ka hiki i ka hiki ʻole. Māhele ʻo Bolivia, hāʻawi ʻo Bolivia i nā hoʻonohonoho kālepa maʻalahi me kekahi o kona mau hoanoho e hāʻawi nei i ka wehe ʻana o ka uku. Hiki ke kānalua i nā hui i kēia mau lāhui no ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā kumu mai Bolivia ma ke alanui a me ka ea.
Eia kekahi, ʻo kahi kumu hou aʻe ma hope o ka hoʻohui ʻana, ʻo ia kā Bolivia hana kālepa. ʻO kā Bolivia ʻae ʻana i ka ʻAelike Nui e pili ana i nā Tariff a me Trade (GATT) a me ka World Trade Organization (WTO) animates kālepa ʻokoʻa. Pēlā nō ʻo Bolivia he kanaka mai ka Andean Community (CAN) me Colombia, Ecuador, a me Peru. Ua hoʻoliʻiliʻi ka ʻike CAN i ka hapa nui o nā mea kalepa kūloko ma waena o kēia mau lāhui.
He kanaka ʻo Bolivia mai ka pūpū MERCOSUR e mahalo ai i nā ālai kālepa haʻahaʻa. Hoʻokomo ʻo MERCOSUR inoa i Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Venezuela, a me Uruguay. Loaʻa iā MERCOSUR no nā kumu āpau a me nā kumu e hoʻolilo ai i ka palena ʻauhau a me nā hana ʻole ma ka ʻoihana kalepa kūloko ma waena o kāna mau kānaka me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi papahana maʻamau no waho kūwaho (CET). Mahalo kēlā me kēia hoa pilikino i ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka levy akā ʻaʻole kaukaʻi ʻia i ka anga CET.
ʻO ka mea hope loa, ʻae ʻo ka European Union, Japan, Switzerland, Russia, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Norewai, a me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i nā uku he nui i Bolivia e komo i nā kuleana me ka uku ʻole a i ʻole nā hōʻemi i nā koina ma lalo o ka Generalized System of Prefers (GSP).
ʻO kā Bolivia pae kupaianaha o nā pili kalepa e paipai ana i ke aniau kalepa aliʻi ma nā hui kūloko a me ka honua. ʻO nā hui e hoʻonohonoho ana i ka ʻāina kalepa ʻia e ʻike i ka hana pū ʻana ma ʻō a ma ʻaneʻi o ka maʻalahi.
He waiwai ʻo Bolivia i nā waiwai maʻamau
ʻO Bolivia paha kekahi o nā ʻoihana hoʻokele i hana ʻole ʻole ʻole ʻia ma Latin America, akā hāʻawi ia i kahi ʻāpana kūlike ʻole o ka waiwai mau, ka palena palena ʻole, a me nā waiwai kūpaʻa ʻole ʻole. Hale nā lāhui i ka nui o ka mining ʻaʻole i kamaʻāina maʻamau. ʻO kahi ʻāpana o nā minelala mua i mina ʻia ka tin, keleawe, kālā, a me ka hao. Aia pū ʻo Bolivia i nā hale kūʻai ʻelua o ka ʻaila ʻaila ma Latin America, a me ka paʻa lithium nui loa ma ka honua. Hoʻohui pū me kēia me ka nui o ka mining e hōʻike i nā puka hāmama no nā hoʻolālā hoʻolālā.
Ma waho aʻe o ka wehe ʻana o ka mining, kākoʻo ʻo Bolivia i kahi ʻāpana agribusiness paʻa. ʻO nā hana kiʻekiʻe i nā hua, nā kō, nā, a me kekahi mau pua, e like me nā holoholona holoholona no kaʻiʻo a me ka hulu hipa, e hōʻike ana i kahi nohona maʻamau o Bolivia. I kēia manawa, ʻike ʻia ka wahi ikehu e like me ka nui ʻole ma muli o nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ke kuhi. ʻO ka Chaco wahi a me nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ka hikina o Bolivia e hāpai ana i ka pā ikaika o ka makani, e ʻae ana i kahi ākea no nā loea pili kālā i mākaukau e hoʻohana i ka ikehu ikehu o Bolivia.
No ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ke kauoha ʻana ma ke ʻano ʻo ka lua o ka lāhui bio-ʻokoʻa ma ʻAmelika Hema (ma hope o Brazil), ua kono ʻo Bolivia i ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana a me ke kumu o ka ecotourism a me nā ʻoihana hoʻokele waiwai. ʻO kā Bolivia mau waiwai maʻamau, inā he mea mau, hāʻawi i nā puka waiwai a hoʻololi i nā puka hāmama no nā mākaʻi ʻike ʻole ʻike ʻia e neʻe i ka mākeke.
Nā palena o ke aupuni
Hoʻokumu nā lāhui ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa Lūkini i kahi hoʻonohonoho kūpono i ka kuhihewa kamaʻāina ʻole. E like paha ia, he mau wahi kakaikahi loa e like me Bolivia. ʻAʻole palena ka lāhui i nā ʻano o nā kulekele hoʻolālā honua ākea:
- ʻO nā hoʻopukapuka pololei ʻole kamaʻāina (FDI)
- Nā kāohi kālepa kālā kamaʻāina ʻole
- Nā waiwai hoʻokomo a me nā uku.
ʻO ka loaʻa ʻole o nā palena i kēia mau hana e hōʻike ana i ka ikaika o Bolivia i luna o nā hana ʻoihana i koʻikoʻi i nā loiloi maʻamau ʻole. Ma waho aʻe o ke kōkua a Bolivia e hāʻawi aku ai i nā hui kamaʻāina ʻole i kēia mau panalāʻau, mālama ka lāhui i kahi ʻauhau Value Value (VAT) haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa he 13%. Ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia kēia pālākiō i loko o nā makahiki he 10 i hala aku nei, e hōʻike ana i ke kuleana wānana o ka mālama haʻahaʻa ʻana i nā kumukūʻai ʻoihana.
ʻOiai noho haʻahaʻa ʻo Foreign Direct Investment ma Bolivia i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia me kona mau hoanoho, e hoʻomau ʻo Bolivia i ke aniau e like me ka hiki ke hana ʻia no nā loiloi ʻike ʻole. Aia kekahi puka hāmama i kēia manawa no nā mea lawe mua e neʻe i kahi ākea o nā ʻoihana ʻo Bolivian me kahi mau hoa hakakā a me nā mea hoʻohaʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa e hoʻolaha ai i ke komo ʻana. ʻO ka mea nui, paipai ʻo Bolivia i kahi ʻano hana hana loaʻa. ʻAe ʻo Bolivia i kahi manawa hoʻāʻo hana a kahi hapahā o ka makahiki a ʻae i nā lunamakaʻāinana 15 mau lā o ka makahiki e haʻalele i kēlā me kēia makahiki. ʻOi aku ka nui o kēia koena haʻalele ma mua o kekahi mau lāhui Lākana ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, e laʻa me Argentina. Hoʻohui ʻia, mahalo nā limahana i ka pale olakino a me ka pono e mālama i ka manawa.
Ma waho aʻe, pono ka uku no nā hui luna loea loea (PEO). Kōkua kēia mau hui inoa i kāu ʻoihana e hoʻohana i nā limahana kūpono no ka hana kūpono a he mea kōkua kaiāulu maikaʻi e huki pū me. Hāʻawi kēia mau hui loiloi kūikawā i kāu hui e hana me ka hana ʻole a mālama ʻana i kahi mea kaiāulu. Pēlā pū ia i kāu mau kuleana kūpono.
ʻO Bolivia nā lako hana āpau nāu a me kāu limahana hana e hoʻohui ikaika ai me kāu ʻoihana a me ke aniau ʻoihana kokoke.
Zero uku e hui pū me mākou nā papahana hui ma Bolivia, nā papahana kūʻai pili ma Bolivia, nā papahana pili ma Bolivia, nā manawa kūpono ma Bolivia.
Hāʻawi mākou i ke kūkākūkā manuahi a me ke kākoʻo i kā mākou nā hoa hana ma Bolivia, nā hui ma Bolivia a nā franchise ma Bolivia.
ʻO nā manawa kūpono hoʻopukapuka ma Bolivia, e like me, nā manawa ʻoihana ʻoi loa ma Bolivia, nā manawa hui ʻoi loa ma Bolivia, nā manawa kūpono pili maikaʻi loa ma Bolivia, nā manawa kūpono ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma Bolivia, nā manawa maikaʻi maikaʻi loa ma Bolivia, nā papahana pili maikaʻi loa ma Bolivia, nā papahana pili maikaʻi ma Bolivia , nā papahana kālepa pili maikaʻi loa ma Bolivia a me nā polokalamu franchise maikaʻi loa ma Bolivia, nā manawa freelance maikaʻi loa ma Bolivia, e hāʻawi pū nei hoʻi i nā manawa hoʻopukapuka Zero ma Santa Cruz de la Sierra, e like me, nā manawa ʻoihana ʻoi loa ma Santa Cruz de la Sierra, nā manawa kūpono ʻoihana maikaʻi loa ma Santa Cruz de la Sierra, nā manawa kūpono ʻoi loa ma Santa Cruz de la Sierra, ʻoihana kūʻai ʻoi loa ma Santa Cruz de la Sierra, nā manawa kūpono ʻoihana maikaʻi loa ma Santa Cruz de la Sierra, nā manawa freelance maikaʻi loa ma Santa Cruz de la Sierra, nā papahana launa maikaʻi loa ma Santa ʻO Cruz de la Sierra, nā papahana pili maikaʻi loa ma Santa Cruz de la Sierra , nā papahana kālepa pili maikaʻi loa ma Santa Cruz de la Sierra, nā papahana franchise maikaʻi loa ma Santa Cruz de la Sierra.
