Aia ʻo Polani ma kahi kuʻina ʻāina e hoʻopili ana i nā kahua ululāʻau o ka ʻākau komohana o ʻEulopa i nā ala kai o ka Moana ʻAkelanika a me nā māla hana o nā kaiaulu Eurasia. I kēia manawa ua kaupalena ʻia e nā ʻāina ʻehiku, ua hele mai ʻo Polani a hala i ka wā lōʻihi, i hoʻopiʻi ʻia e nā mana o ka mōʻaukala panalāʻau. I ka wā mua o ke au waena, ua hoʻokaumaha ʻia nā wahi liʻiliʻi o Polani e nā kahawai holoholo holomua, mai nā Kelemania a me nā Balts i nā Mongol. I loko o ka makahiki 1500, hui pū ʻia ʻo Polani ka mokuʻāina nui loa ma ʻEulopa a ʻo ka ʻāina kahaha nui paha o ka ʻāina nui. Eia nō naʻe ma mua o ʻelua mau kenekulia ma hope, i ka wā o ka Paukū o Polani (1772-1918), ua nalowale, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i nā wahi hakakā o Rūsia, Prussia, a me ʻAturia.
ʻOiai, i loko o kahi manawa o ka pilikia o ka lehulehu, i kekahi hihia, noho paʻa ka moʻomeheu Polani; ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua pōmaikaʻi nō ia, inā ma kahi manawa mamao loa mai ka home. Maʻemaʻe nā pae holomua holomua, lawe ʻia e nā makaʻāinana i ʻike ʻia e like me Kazimierz Pulaski lāua ʻo Tadeusz Kosciuszko, i aʻo i ka poʻe o ka American Revolution. ʻO ke kumukānāwai Polani o 1791, ka mea i hoʻokumu ʻia ma ʻEulopa, a laila hui pū me nā manaʻo o ka noho ʻole maoli ʻo ʻAmelika a me Palani. Ma hope ua loaʻa nā helu ʻoluʻolu i loko o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, Kanada, Argentina, a me Australia a ua hōʻike pū aku i ko lākou ʻano noho me lākou. I ka manawa like, nā mea hana lima Polani o ka manawa Romantic, e laʻa me ka mea hoʻokani piano ʻo Frédéric Chopin a me ka mea kākau ʻo Adam Mickiewicz, e hoʻokele kukui ana ma ka ʻāina ʻāina ʻEulopa i ka makahiki ʻumikūmāiwa ʻumikūmāiwa. Ma hope o kā lākou hiʻohiʻona, nā kānaka akeakamai Polani, nā mea pena kiʻi, nā mea hana kiʻi ʻoniʻoni, a me nā mea nūpepa e hoʻomau i ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā hana a me nā leka o ka honua.
Ke neʻe nei i kahi lāhui waho, ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o ke ʻano kaiāulu o ke ola kahi o kāu neʻe mua i ka loli. No laila, i kou neʻe ʻana i Polani, e hoʻomaka paha ʻoe ma ka nīnau ʻana e pili ana i ka heluna kanaka, ke ʻano o ka nohona ʻana, a me ka hui Pole ma kahi kaʻawale. Me ka lāhui kahi āu i hele mai ai, ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻike i ka nui o ka paʻakikī i ka lilo ʻana i maʻa mau i kāu ʻano hou ma muli o ka manaʻo kaiāulu a me ka pilina o ka poʻe e noho ana, me ka moʻomeheu a me nā loina, nā kuke lua ʻole, a me nā mea hou aku. ʻO ka ʻāpana nui loa e noho kahaha nei i Polani (ma kahi o 60%) ua ʻoluʻolu i nā kaona nui o ka lāhui. Nui nā kūlanakauhale i ʻoi aku ka nui ma Polani, me ke ola ma Polona e helu ana i ʻelima o lākou, i kūpono i ke kaiāulu kaona nui. ʻO Warsaw, ke kapikala nui o ka lāhui, ma kahi o 1.7 miliona mau mea noho. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka poʻe e noho ana i loko o ka Poluna Plunge. E haʻi ʻia ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, aia wale nō ka hapa liʻiliʻi o nā Kelemania, nā Ukraine, Slovakia, nā Lituania, a me nā Belarusian.
ʻO nā ʻaha kūkā lehulehu a me nā kuʻuna e kū kokoke ana mai nā hopena Latina a me Byzantine a hoʻokumu ikaika ʻia e nā poʻe noho ʻEulopa ʻokoʻa. E like me ka mea i kuhikuhi ʻia ma luna, ua loli ka ola ma Polani e ka mehana o ka lehulehu Polani. ʻO ke ala o ke ola kahi mea kono. Nānā ʻole inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e kamaʻilio maʻalahi i ka ʻōlelo i kēia manawa, e hoʻokomo koke ʻia ʻoe a loaʻa nā hoa hou ma Polani.
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Hoʻololi pinepine ka moʻomeheu i ka hoaaloha a me ke kuke kokoke, e pili ana i ka poʻe waho. Me nā mea keakea ʻole i ka ʻōlelo, lokomaikaʻi nā Pole a hoʻokipa i kēlā me kēia kanaka ʻaʻole e hoʻokaʻawale i kahi manawa e komo ai i kahi kūkā kamaʻilio.
Hāʻawi ʻia kekahi ʻaha kūkā nui i ʻike nui ʻia ma Polani i nā lāhui ʻē aʻe o ʻEulopa e pili ana i nā manawa Katolika e like me Kalikimaka a me Easter. Me kēlā, aia kekahi mau manawa kokoke loa e like me Independence Day, Andrzejki (St. Andrew's Day), a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
Ua hāʻawi ʻia ʻo Polani i kekahi manawa no ke ʻano he lāhui neʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui ma hope o kona komo ʻana i ka European Union i 2004 i ka wā i haʻalele ai nā Pole he nui no ka wehe ʻana i nā hana ma nā ʻāpana ʻāpana o ke komohana ʻo EU.
Eia nō naʻe, ke hoʻomau mau nei ka hoʻokele waiwai o Polani mai ia manawa, i nā hanana āpau, e hoʻokō nei i ka hoʻomohala wikiwiki loa ma ʻEulopa ma hope o ka ulia pōpilikia kālā. Hōʻike ʻia kēia ʻano i ka helu o ka hana ʻole o ka lāhui, e hāʻule mau nei.
I kēia Ianuali, ua hōʻea i kahi haʻahaʻa o 2.9%, e hoʻonoho ana iā Polani i luna no ka poʻe holoʻokoʻa o EU, i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻokoʻa ʻana i ka wehe ʻana i ka hana ʻole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i kekahi mau lāhui kahi i ʻimi mau ai nā Pole no ka hana, e laʻa me Sepania a me ʻItalia.
No laila, ua lilo ʻo Polani i mau makahiki i hala aku nei i lilo i aupuni neʻe. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā debuts hou i hele mai mai ka hikina, me ka hā o 1,000,000 poʻe noho o Ukraine a me Belarus i kēia manawa i kākau inoa ʻia ma ke ʻano he poʻe noho lōʻihi a pōkole hoʻi ma Polani. ʻOi aku ke kiʻekiʻe maoli o ke kiʻi maoli, me ka panakō aupuni Polani e loiloi ana i ka 900,000 o nā ʻekekia wale nō ma Polani ma ka maʻamau i kēlā me kēia manawa.
Eia nō naʻe kekahi mea koʻikoʻi, akā ua emi iki ka ʻōlelo ʻana, piʻi i ka neʻe mai ke komohana. Ma kahi o 67,000 mau kamaʻāina o nā lāhui EU ʻē aʻe i kākau inoa ʻia i kēia manawa he poʻe noho o Polani, mai kahi o 24,000 i kēlā me kēia mau makahiki i hala.
